Prince Fumihito and Princess Kiko's 12-year-old son Prince Hisahito, who was the first male child born to the Imperial Family since1965 when he was born in 2006, takes precedence in the line of succesion. Emperor Akihito's only grandson has two older sisters, Princess Kako and Princess Mako.
Emperor Akihito, who announced last year that he would step down because of his declining health, is seen attending the abdication ceremony at the Imperial Palace. After the ritual he swapped his traditional robes for a grey suit to deliver his final speech.
The Emperor's speech was broadcast on televisions throughout Tokyo. While Tuesday's solemn ceremony was historic, there is another major event when Emperor Akihito's son ascends the throne on October 22. On that day, royals and VIP guests from around the world will gather to watch Japan begin its new era.